Art Direct from Artists

What kind of effect does a thick atmosphere have on the temperature of a planet?

Venus, earth’s twin !. Is sweltering, why? because of a thick atmosphere, but that contradicts what i saw ont he discovery channel a few weeks ago. The documentary was about super volcanoes, and how they spew thousands of tons of sulphuric acid and ash in the air, and how that prevents sunlight from getting though, and how that would eventually lead to an ice age. So WHY? i dont get how it can do the opposite on earth.

To add to Rugby’s answer… It is not so much the thickness of the atmosphere but what the atmosphere is made out of. Our air, ~78% N2 + 20% O2 + CO2 + H2O etc, is fairly transparent to IR. So… the sun’s light goes thru the air, hits and heats up the water and the ground, then the warm water and warm ground emit heat as IR radiation. On a clear night (no clouds), a lot of that IR radiation escapes into space so it does not add much to heating of the earth. On a cloudy night, the clouds “trap” the IR and either reflect it back to the ground or the clouds themselves absorb it and get warmer. If our atmosphere had higher CO2 content (like Venus’) even on a clear night, more of the IR radiation would be absorbed and the atmosphere would get hotter. This is why we call CO2 a “greenhouse” gas because it is not as transparent to IR radiation and it acts like the glass on a greenhouse, allowing sunlight thru without absorbing very much but it “traps” the heat because IR does not pass thru glass very well.

Rugby (& Discovery channel) is right, a volcano puts a lot of dust and a lot of SO2 into the air. The dust reflects the sun’s light so it never gets to the surface. This in not Venus’ problem.

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